English grammatical structures PART 3

COGNATES AND FALSE COGNATES
Cognates: in linguistics are words that have a common origin. They may occur within a language, such as shirt and skirt as two English words descended from the Proto-Indo-European word *sker-, meaning "to cut". They may also occur across languages, e.g. night and German Nacht as descendants of Proto-Indo-European *nokt-, "night".

List of cognates:


Abundance
Abundancia

Access
Acceso

Accuse
Acusar

Actor
Actor

Ambulance
Ambulancia

Athlete
Atleta

Doctor
Doctor

Silence
Silencio

Memory
Memoria

Information
Informacion

Academy
Academia

Accident
Accidente

Act
Acto

Adore
Adorer

Assistance
Asistencia

Audience
Audiencia

Wagon
Vagón

Leopard
Leopardo

Metal
Metal

Object
objeto


False Cognates: are words that are commonly thought to be related (have a common origin) whereas linguistic examination reveals they are unrelated. Thus, for example, on the basis of superficial similarities one might suppose that the latin verb habere and German haben, both meaning "to have", are cognate.

List of False Cognates:


Actually
En realidad

Advertisement
Anuncio

Apology
Excusa, disculpa

To assist
Ayudar

Capable
Capaz

Carpet
Alfombra

Deception
Engaño

Exit
Salida

To introduce
Presenter

Lecture
Conferencia

Mayor
Alcalde

Absolutely
Completamente

Agony
Angustia

Arena
Estadio

Body
Cuerpo

Career
Profesion

Cup
Taza

Editor
Redactor

Factory
Fabrica

Large
Grande

Library
Biblioteca

pie
tarta